C. Umana Dajud

Atlas · Plate III

The paper border

Before goods cross borders, people do. Visa requirements are a border you can't see on most maps — this one shows it.

127 destinations visa-free · 56 with visa-on-arrival or e-visa · 15 require a visa
hover a country · click to switch passport
visa freevisa on arrivale-visa / eTAvisa requiredno admissionselected passport

1 visa

requested by a single Schengen member considerably reduced Ecuador and Bolivia’s trade with the whole border-free zone

+5%

welfare gain from removing visas for some Sub-Saharan African countries

+1.1%

average welfare gain for developing countries from visa removal

Headline figures from “Do visas hinder international trade in goods?”, Journal of Development Economics (2019). Visa matrix: Passport Index dataset.

Related research: Do visas hinder international trade in goods? (Journal of Development Economics, 2019).